![]() ![]() In the Northern Hemisphere the longest day is on June 21st while the longest night is on December 21st. This gives less energy and doesn't heat the Earth as much. During the winter the sunlight hits the Earth at an angle. In summer the sunlight shines more directly on the earth giving more energy to the Earth's surface and heating it up. We talked about the length of the day changing, but the angle of the Sun changes as well. When it's winter in Europe and the United States, it will be summer in Brazil and Australia. As the year progresses, the Earth's tilt changes to where the North Pole is pointing away from the Sun producing winter.įor this reason, seasons north of the Equator are the opposite of seasons south of the Equator. With longer days the northern hemisphere heats up and gets summer. When the North Pole is angled toward the Sun, the days on the northern part of the planet (north of the equator) get more sunlight or longer days and shorter nights. For the other half the South Pole is pointed at the Sun. For half of the year the Earth is tilted such that the North Pole is more pointed towards the Sun. The tilt has two major effects: the angle of the Sun to the earth and length of the days. In scientific terms, the Earth is tilted 23.5 degrees from its orbital plane with the Sun. However, the Earth doesn't rotate in a straight up and down manner relative to the Sun. Not only does the Earth revolve around the Sun every year, but the Earth rotates on its axis every 24 hours. ![]() As the Earth orbits the Sun, the amount of sunlight each location on the planet gets every day changes slightly. The Earth travels around the Sun, called an orbit, once a year or every 365 days. Seasons are caused because of the Earth's changing relationship to the Sun. Some animals, like bears, hibernate in the winter while other animals, like birds, migrate to warmer climates. Winter is cold and it snows in many places. In autumn the leaves change colors and fall off the trees and school starts again. Often crops are harvested at the end of the summer. Summer is hot and is when kids are usually out of school and we take vacations to the beach. In the spring, animals are born and plants come back to life. ![]() The seasons have a lot of impact on what happens on the earth. Each season lasts 3 months with summer being the warmest season, winter being the coldest, and spring and autumn lying in between. We divide up the year into four seasons: spring, summer, autumn, and winter. ![]()
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